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Etiology of Osteoporosis in Children. |
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| Primary bone disorders |
Chronic inflammatory diseases |
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| Osteogenesis imperfecta |
Systemic lupus erythematosus |
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| Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis |
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis |
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| Osteoporosis-Pseudoglioma syndrome |
Dermatomyositis |
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| Homocystinuria |
Inflammatory bowel disease |
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| Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (type I) |
Nephrotic syndrome |
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| Marfan syndrome |
Immobility or decreased activity |
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| GSD type 1 |
Post trauma |
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| Juvenile/Early-onset Paget's disease |
Cerebral palsy |
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| Catabolic state/Inadequate nutrition/Malabsorption |
Spinal muscular atrophy, Muscular dystrophy |
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| Vitamin D deficiency |
Medications |
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| Malignancy - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Lymphoma |
Anticonvulsant, Glucocorticosteroids, Heparin, Methotrexate (in oncology doses) |
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| Cystic fibrosis |
Endocrine disorders |
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| Psychiatric eating disorders - Anorexia nervosa/Bulimia |
Hypogonadism - Gonadal dysgenesis |
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| Chronic malabsorption (e.g. Celiac disease) |
Hyperthyroidism |
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| Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
Cushing syndrome |
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| Female athlete triad disorder |
Growth hormone deficiency |
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| Delayed puberty |
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Uziel et al. Pediatric Rheumatology 2009 7:16 doi:10.1186/1546-0096-7-16 |
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